Climate Change Caused By Humans - 2227 Words

After decades of studies and impacts becoming more significant, people from every society should unite in their stand on climate change in order to clearly communicate stimulating pieces of information that lead to definite actions in addressing environmental problems. Climate change poses a problem whose consequences are global. In 2006, above average temperatures were recorded throughout the world for the 30th consecutive year. Increasing average temperatures are melting glaciers and polar ice caps, which raises sea levels and increases the risk of flooding in coastal areas. There is mounting evidence to the effect that these changes are not the result of natural climate variability. The thesis of climate change caused by humans is supported by many leading scientific bodies, including the British Royal Society. Arguments do exist that there is no evidence that changes in composition observed are of human origin. However, the growth of the gas concentration in the atmosphere began with the industrial age. The annual increase in CO2 concentration observed amounts only to half the annual atmospheric release of CO2 from the burning of fossil fuels. A small decrease is actually observed for oxygen in the atmosphere which is what is required for the combustion of coal, oil and natural gas used. The melting of glaciers, the rise of water levels, and the intensified catastrophes—many lives suffer and die from these repercussions of global warming. The accumulation ofShow MoreRelatedClimate Change Is Caused By Humans1339 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Tatom Climate 1. Climate is the weather conditions that are happening in certain areas for a long period of time. The climate has an affect on everything that is living on this planet. Right now the Earth is experiencing climate change. Climate change is when the temperature and weather conditions of the Earth are changing. Climate change is something that has been naturally occurring on the Earth for millions of years, but right now we are experiencing the most rapid climate change the EarthRead MoreClimate Change Caused By Humans1077 Words   |  5 PagesAnthropogenic climate chance can simply be translated to climate change caused by humans. The difference between natural and human inflicted climate change is obvious to common man. 800,000 years ago we were not experiencing the modern problems we are facing. There is plenty of evidence to prove that this is not some made up theory. Observations continue to show the average rising of the global air and ocean temperatures. Not only the temperatu res contribute, but the melting of snow and ice is climbingRead MoreClimate Change Is Caused By Human Activities1617 Words   |  7 Pagesnatural and human activities both contribute to climate change, human activities are causing far more detrimental consequences to the Earth that may lead to serious damage if action is not taken. Evidence of this is plentiful and can be found is numerous studies of past climates, empirical data of the current climate, and scientific predictions of potential future climates. It is important to recognize what is, and what causes, climate change. Throughout Earth’s extensive history the climate has naturallyRead MoreClimate Change Is Caused By Human Activities1975 Words   |  8 Pagesto the new Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 2013, in Southeast Asia, temperature has been increasing at a rate of 0.14 to 0.20 degree Celsius per decade since the 1960s while rainfall from extreme rain days has increased by 10 millimeters per decade. Both of these increments are caused by climate change. In addition to increase of temperature and extreme precipitations, climate change also increases landslides, exacerbates soil erosion, causes floodingRead MoreWhat Role Has Human Activity Played in Causing Climate Change?678 Words   |  3 PagesThe change in global climate is the most powerful problem that currently occurs on the earth. The problems of climate change may be caused by both of human activities and natura l events. Climate change is the changes that affect the world’s weather, including shifts in temperature, ocean level, land, and precipitation. The climate change phenomenon can affect everything in the world not only natural environment, but also human society, and the world economy. This essay aims to evaluate the role ofRead MoreDifference Between Anthropogenic Climate Change And Natural Climate Variability1444 Words   |  6 PagesDifference between Anthropogenic Climate Change, and Natural Climate Variability. Hugonette Theron Geography: Climatology 28662334 â€Æ' Table of Content Introduction 1.) Natural Climate Variability 1.1. Extensive Definition of Natural Climate Variability 1.2. Causes of Natural Climate Variability 2.) Anthropogenic Climate Change 2.1. Detailed Definition of Anthropogenic Climate Change 2.2. Causes of Anthropogenic Climate Change 2.3. Impact of Human Activities on the Climate Change Conclusion â€Æ' IntroductionRead MoreEnvironmental Ethics Issues1048 Words   |  4 Pages Climate change is one of the biggest and controversial issues facing the world today. Climate change refers to the change in climate which can be attributed directly or not directly to human activity which alters the composition of the global atmosphere. Climate change is a problem that needs to be addressed. If climate change is not addressed, there will be an increase in higher temperatures, and with the increase in higher temperatures, the oceans will rise, and this will affect the vegetationRead MoreThe Effects Of Climate Change On The Environment1445 Words   |  6 Pagescooler climates all are impacts of increasing temperatures that are happening right now. Within the next century, sea levels will rise 7 - 23 inches, Storms will become much stronger, floods/droughts will become more common, and many, many other negative environmental changes (Cook). These changes in the environment have been the topic of debate for decades, but has become more and more common over the past fe w years. On one side of the debate, there are the people who believe climate changeRead MoreThe Effects Of Fossil Fuels On The Environment1734 Words   |  7 Pagesalternative routes or ability to make change. In consort with President Obama, many scientists believe the point of no return could occur if significant efforts aren’t made soon. Anthropogenic (human influenced) activities in comparison to natural influences have more of an impact on the environment. Since the industrial era carbon concentrations in the atmosphere have increased by thirty percent. The burning of fossil fuels and deforestation are the two largest human caused contributors to high carbon concentrationRead MoreThe Effects Of Global Warming On Our Planet s Ecosystem1173 Words   |  5 PagesMother Earth is burning as we speak; humanity has killed our precious Earth. Global-warming is a vicious killer that was created by the humans on this Earth, and there s no way to cure it. We, as humans, have the power to cleanse the Earth, but instead we destroy it. Heat is absorbed by carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases. A greenhouse gas absorbs thermal radiation emitted by the Earth s surface. As the sun s energy reaches the Earth’s surface, some of it is released into space, some is absorbed

Analysis of Walter Lee Younger - a Raisin in the Sun Essay

No matter how hard they try, there are some people who cannot get ahead in life. Walter Lee Younger is a man who is frustrated with his current position in life, and every disappointment he has encountered thus far. Although he tries to be a loving man, sometimes he does not know how to show the idea of love, Sometimes...sometimes...I dont even know how to try (Hansberry 89). His position in life can be regarded as symbolic of every black male struggling to provide for his family by any means necessary. Although Walter has a job, it seems inadequate for his survival. As a result, he has become frustrated and lacks good judgement. Throughout this play Walter searches for the key ingredient that will make his life blissful. His†¦show more content†¦Every black males plight in America can be regarded as a provider for his family. However, society does not afford black males the benefit of feeling secure about providing for their families. It can be easy for anyone to c riticize society and place the blame on America for not affording Walter the opportunities of his white counterparts. Walter does not have control over his own responsibilities. Therefore, if he was given all the resources needed to provide his family his poor judgement and lack of business sense would create further stress on the family. Ruth, Mama, and his sister Beanetha attack him from every angle about his doubtful ideals. Ironically, those ideals are what Walter needs to shape and justify his manhood. Without ideals and proper resources to obtain them, a mans existence can be regarded as insignificannot . There are many obstacles in the way of Walters dream of opening a liquor store, as he tries to explain to his wife, Ruth, about what he has to do, Baby, dont nothing happen for you in this world ‘less you pay somebody off!(Hansberry 33) Walters determination to open the liquor store can be viewed as means to an end to his familys hardships. As Walters dreams become bigger and bigger, he seems to neglect the smaller things such as his family. Here I am a giant surrounded by ants! Ants who cant even understand what the giant isShow MoreRelatedCharacter Analysis of Walter Lee Younger in A Raisin in the Sun by Hansberry616 Words   |  3 PagesIn A Raisin in the Sun Hansberry uses Walter Lee Younger to represent the ambitious but, uninformed African American family. Walters main role in A Raisin in the Sun is to personify the African American families that make many gambles, which eventually lead to complete failure. Walter is shadowed by greed and ignorance which causes him to fail to achieve the success he wishes to gain. Walter Lee Youngers greed is exemplified when he talks about, Check coming today. (Hansberry 26). WaltersRead MoreDreams Deferred in Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun736 Words   |  3 Pages Lorraine Hansberry’s classic play, A Raisin in the Sun, culls its title from the infamous poem â€Å"Dream Deferred† by Langston Hughes, and both works discuss what happens to a person when their dreams -- their hopes, their aspirations, their lives -- are endlessly put on hold. For this analysis of the dreams and character of Beneatha Younger in Raisin, I would like to pull on another dreamy poem of Langston Hughes’ entitled â€Å"Dream Boogie.† Like all the characters in the play, Beneatha has dreams thatRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Lorraine Hansberry s A Raisin990 Words   |  4 PagesCharacter Analysis: A Raisin in the Sun The play A Raisin In the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry is a classic, revolutionary play written in the times of segregation and discrimination of skin tones. Throughout the story, the Youngers display how they are just like an ordinary family; everybody has their own special personality. This caused many conflicts when it was time to decide what to do with the check coming in the mail for ten thousand dollars. Walter Lee Younger, the son and oldest child of mamaRead MoreAnalysis Of A Raisin In The Sun1185 Words   |  5 PagesArianna Williams-Smart English 1B Professor Quinn Final Essay The epigraph to A Raisin in the Sun is Langston Hughes poem called A Dream Deferred which was written as an example of life in harlem. The lines are a introduction to the white societys actions to take away equal opportunity from black citizens. Hughes main point is that there could be consequences when peoples frustrations build up or accumulate to the point where they have to either surrender their dreams or allow strenuousRead MoreThe Roles Of Sexism And Dreams1377 Words   |  6 Pagespeople- then go be a nurse like other women- or just get married and be quiet...† (38). Walter Younger, one of the protagonists of the play, makes this sexist comment towards his sister, Beneatha, and her desire to become a doctor. Walter belittles Beneatha’s dream by implying that women are only fit for supporting roles just like their mother, Mama Lena. Debuted on Broadway in 1959, the dramatic work, A Raisin in the Sun, is composed by Lorraine Hansberry, who depicts the issues of sexism and dreams. ConsideringRead More Analysis of A Raisin in the Sun Essay1267 Words   |  6 PagesA Raisin in the Sun Analysis Upon walking out of Krannerts production of A Raisin in the Sun, an eerie silence drizzled about the audience as people murmured and slowly shuffled towards the exits. After witnessing such a powerful yet melancholy piece of theater work, words seemed inappropriate. For three hours, A Raisin in the Sun encompassed us with racial, economic, and social issues of the 1950s. Swirling portions of humor, disgrace, pride, and sadness into a smooth blend, the play developedRead MoreA Raisin In The Sun Archetypal Analysis1452 Words   |  6 Pagesbe an emotion that is universally felt by others that have encountered similar situations and in turn may result in those people forming the same mentality and character. Correspondingly, any piece of work can be approached through an archetypal analysis that enables one to gain insight into the conventional and universal experiences within the society of which that form of literature is based upon. These repeating and shared experiences are especia lly prevalent in the literature of the 1950s, asRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of A Raisin Of The Sun Essay845 Words   |  4 PagesWriting Assignment 4: Character Analysis of â€Å"A Raisin in the Sun† The male protagonist of this story is Walter Lee Younger, an African American, who plays the roles of a son, husband, father, and brother. The story is set in a Chicago Southside apartment, â€Å"sometime between World War II and the present [1959]† (Hansberry 919). Walter is physically described as â€Å"a lean, intense young man in his middle thirties, inclined to quick nervous movements and erratic speech habits—and always in his voiceRead MoreComparing Themes of To Kill a Mockingbird and A Raisin in the Sun1962 Words   |  8 PagesTo Kill a Mockingbird and A Raisin in the Sun are books both written during a time of racial tension and inequality. Harper Lee and Lorraine Hansberry lived through the civil rights movement and saw the physical and verbal harassment against African Americans. This experience is evident in both works as the theme of fighting prejudice shines through. The goal of this paper is to compare and contrast the theme in both books and how it affected both of the families. Also, throughout the paper I willRead MoreCompare/Contrast Willy Loman (Death of a Salesman) and Walter Lee Younger (a Raisin in the Sun)2823 Words   |  12 Pageswhere there are none. Characters Walter Lee Younger and Willy Loman are prime examples of this, both pinning their hopes on unattainable dreams to hide the feelings of failure. The theme of illusion versus reality is present in both Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun and Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman through the portrayal of main characters Walter and Willy in their struggles for happiness and prosperity. Although the two characters have similar dreams, Walter, a dynamic character, breaks

Business Policy Coco Cola Free Essays

In strategic planning organizations make use of different techniques such as establishing the weaknesses, strengths, threats and opportunities as well as the social, economic, political and technological investigation of the environment surrounding the organization. In this perspective, the major objective of strategic planning in any organization is to establish and define a clear course of its future operations. As a result, strategic planning in any organization seeks to address several questions concerned with how, to whom and what to do in order to achieve the future growth path that will accelerate the profitability and expansion of the company. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Policy Coco Cola or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the development of organizational strategies, environmental analysis is therefore key to the development of the organizational future (John, 2001).In this regard, analysis of strategies must be carried both externally and internally in order to identify threats and opportunities that prevail in and around the organization. Many companies have faied to initiate effective strategic planning techniques and the effects of the current recession has therefore downed on them. Such companies include General Motors and AIG to mention a few. In the subsequent section, this work will seek to explore strategic planning in Coca Cola Company. 2. 0 The importance of strategic planning in Coca-Cola Company Strategic planning is important for Coca Cola Company due to the fact that as a global Company, effective strategic planning helps in counteracting the challenges that are common in foreign countries such as competition and government regulations.Another importance of Strategic Planning is that it helps the Coca Cola Company to survive the current changes in the communication technology by highly investing in internet marketing and advertising. For Coca-Cola Company to maintain its wide range of beverages and customers, Strategic Planning is one of the best concepts that its management has seriously invested in. This in return has benefited the company by giving it clear direction and purpose (Roger, 1995) Furthermore, strategic Planning helps Coca-Cola Company in balancing productivity costs and other related initiatives with the revenue generated. In this way unnecessary costs are avoided thus resulting to increased pr ofitability. In context of Coca-Cola Company strategic planning involves the allocation of resources which includes people and capital. Strategic planning is also essential for Coca cola Company since: It helps the company in facing its competitors. Through better understanding of the Weaknesses, Strengths, Threats and Opportunities of its competitors the company has been able to diversify its range of products as well as producing high quality products which have proved hard to emulate by the competitors (John, 2001) According to John, the importance of Strategic planning is quite significant since it helps the Company’s management in addressing the following three questions. The first question is how do Coca-Cola Company excel? The second question involves what does the company do in order to be the market leader in the soft drink?The management is able to address the question â€Å"for whom do we do it? † Basically in strategic planning the three questions can be generalized by reframing them into one major question that is â€Å"How can Coca-cola company avoid the negativities of competition or sim ilarly which additional measures can be put in place in order to beat competition? † (Bradford, Robert, Duncan, Peter, Tarcy and Brian, 2007). The company has six highly recognized strategic planning strategies that have to a great extent contributed to the continued success of the company. The autonomy that is experienced by most of the Coca-Cola distributors have enabled the freely integration of these priorities into their business plans.The six strategies are as follows. The first ones is that the Company will always use Coca-Cola as its brand name and its main activity will be production of carbonated soft drinks. The second strategy is to broaden its brands in order to increase its profit. It is through this initiative that the company has added new products which include bottled water, coffee, tea, juice and juice drinks. The third strategy is the adoption of cost effective and driving efficiencies as a result of economies of scale. The fourth strategy is serving its customers with consistence and creativity in this way it has been able to help the growth of its customers as well as its own expansion.The fifth strategy is making heavy investment in production technology in this way it has been able to meet the demand of its customers. Being a company that highly values good relationship with its bottling partners and its employees the company has emulated the strategy of teamwork as the sixth strategy in order to increase its sales and profits 3. 0 Can an organization survive without strategy planning? Coca-Cola Company and any other international company cannot survive without strategic pl anning since this is the only way that the company will be able to successfully and actively face the challenges that have resulted to the downfall of big entities such as Morgan Stanley, AIG and even the recent disintegration of General Motor. The company can hardly survive without trategic planning due to heavy competition and modern marketing technologies that have been adopted by many companies in the beverage industry so as to improve on both quality and quantity of the products. As an example let us look at the General Motors as one of the recent victim of failure to adopt strategic planning (Bradford and Duncan, 2000). The fall of General Motors can be traced to the ineffective strategic planning methods that have been adopted by the corporation making it to declare itself bankrupt. Effective strategic planning was the missing concept that would have saved the 235,000 employees as well as the shareholders and other stake holders who had interest in the corporation. The question of recession and the reduced demand in the world market cannot be ignored as one of the major causes of the downfall of GM.However, the failure to plan and to put in place effective control measures has to a great extent contributed to its poo r performance. Effective strategic planning is crucial tool that keeps companies ready to tackle micro and macro economic obstacles such as inflation and recession which GM, AIG and Morgan Stanley banks failed initiate leading to their collapse (Hitt, Tihanyi, Miller and Connelly, 2006). 4. 0 Different processes and modes of planning, and its effect on the strategic planning process There are various processes and techniques of planning that an organization can adopt depending on the prevailing market, social and economic conditions (John, 2001).4. Customers’ relations strategy This mode of planning considers the importance of customers in a firm. A company adopting this strategy aims at keeping its customers satisfied as well as maintaining the customers’ loyalty towards its products. The effect of this planning technique towards the strategic planning process is that it helps in achieving and maintaining the high number of customers thus increasing its total sales (http://www. civicus. org) 4. 2 Cash-cow strategy This is a strategy that oversees the use of profits gained from the operations of the companies so as to improve its management as well as to expand the range of its products.The effect of this mode of planning on the strategic planning is that it ensures continuity of the company operations and hence it acts as an appropriate tool to face off the competitors (John, 2001). 4. 3 Star strategy This is a planning technique that involves increased reinvesting of the profits so as to be able to address future challenges that companies faces in foreign and domestic market. The effect of this technique on the strategic planning is that it helps companies to put in place effective and strong financial strength needed when penetrating global market. 5. 0 Mode of planning followed by the Coca Cola Company and how this process can be improved.In its operations Coca Cola Company has adopted the customers’ relations strategy. The company highly values its customers and as a result it has invested in tailor made drinks that aims at fully satisfying its customers. In its marketing strategies, the company has adopted the target marketing and product variety marketing processes. Target marketing involves selection of part of the whole market and producing tailor made products that satisfies its customers in that particular market. In its endeavors as the market leader in the soft drink industry, Coca cola Company has embarked in producing a wide range of products which makes it possible to stay ahead of its competitors.The process of planning used by Coca Cola Company can be improved by adopting pricing strategies that will make it easier to penetrate the market where its competitors are offering products at low prices. 6. 0 Task 2 External environment is composed of government or political, economic and social environment. This section looks at the impact of these factors on the task environment of an organization. 6. 1 Government/political environment In its operations an organization should put into consideration government regulations that directly or indirectly affect its activities. The legal requirements of a company which include trade licenses and permits should be timely acquired to avoid any fine or legal implications in an organizations which results to delay and time wastage.Another way through which government regulations affects the task environment of an organization is by regulating the quality of the products and services that are produced by an organization. In this way the company has an obligation to ensure that the legal specifications and the safety of its products are well adhered to in order to safeguard its customers (http://www. planware. org/strategicplan. htm) 6. 2 Economic environment Economic environment that affects the organization task environment includes inflation, recession and the unemployment level. During inflation the costs of production goes up making an organization reduce its productivity thus reducing its sales as well as profits.Recession on the other hand intensively affects the task environment of a company by slowing down production activities thus affecting its sales in both domestic and foreign market. This can be demonstrated by the extent to which recession has negatively affected the operations of big corporations such as General Motors and AIG. Unemployment level reduces the disposable income of individuals thereby reducing their demand of goods and services which results to reduced operations of an organization (Hitt, Tihanyi, Miller and Connelly, 2006). 6. 3 Social Environment The social factors also affect the task environment of an organization. These factors include level of education, eating habits, religious and cultural beliefs of communities.The education level of the society highly affects the demand of the firms products for instance where majority of people are educated and have high level of income, the demand for basic needs and luxuries goes up. Similarly, cultural beliefs and religious beliefs affect the demand of some products and services more than others especially where some cultures do prohibit the use of certain products. Social factors therefore affect the task environment of an organization by affecting the demand and the supply of goods and services (Patrick, Burkhart and Suzanne, 1993). 7. 0 How can Managers identify and track these external strategic factors Managers can identify the external environment by analyzing the external environment.In this, managers will be able to identify the opportunities, strengths and weaknesses related to these factors and their relevancy in the performance of a firm. In addition managers should freely intermingle with the external environment as well as the general society during the social corporate responsibilities. In this way it will be easy to identify and track the external factors and be able to come up with strategic planning techniques to address these factors (Wang and Jiatao, 2008) 8. 0 Factors in the external environment that would influence strategy planning in Coca-Cola Company and part they play in strategic planning in the CompanyThe factors that would influence strategy planning by Coca-Cola Company can be viewed in two dimensions. The first one is from economic perspective. This involves the increase or decrease in the demand of coca-cola brands as result of inflation or reduced purchasing power. The reduction in consumers’ purchasing power causes a decrease in demand for coca-cola brands resulting to a decrease in sales level. In this case the Coca-Cola management needs to put in place effective strategic planning in its pricing concept such as reducing prices or initiating more promotions. The second dimension is the composition of the society. A society with more young people is a favorable market for Coca-Cola brands such as Coke and Fanta.In this way management of Coca-Cola Company should initiate effective strategies in order to increase the sales level and at the same time satisfy its young market without neglecting its old customers by initiating more energy drinks for young people (http://www. wowessays. com/dbase/ab1/iev224. shtml)9. 0 ReferencesInformation on strategic planning for non-profit or for profit organizations available from http://managementhelp. org/plan_dec/str_plan/str_plan. htm (Retrieved on 5th August 2009)Information on strategic planning process available from com/strategy/strategic-planning†http://www. quickmba. com/strategy/strategic-planning (Retrieved on 5th August 2009) How to cite Business Policy Coco Cola, Papers

Short essay free essay sample

I was watching BBC 7 news when a story about the nuclear issue with Iran came on and they were saying that the U. S. Is urging Iran to keep Its word to the U. S. And stay away from attempting to construct nuclear weapons. The next story was immediately about Israel and the hostility that is arising between Israel and the U. S. Due to the Iran issue. They said that Israel is holding its ground and preparing for the worst because of the Issues with Iran a few years back. Israelis are very unhappy with what Is happening around them. I believe these Issues were linked In the news because whatever happens in either country might affect the other as well as the U. S. Any risky actions in any of these countries might be cause of an enormous National Security crisis. 3. I read an article on Los Angles Daily News Today; it was on the one year anniversary of the Christopher Doreen rampage. What did Lincoln expect to be the fundamental principle of the unofficial American political religion? What might Madison have thought about that? Discuss as fully as space permits, and be specific: Vague generalizations will not suffice. Citations Sources: Quotations should be kept to a minimum, but, when necessary, quotations from Abraham Lincoln, The Perpetuation of Our Political Institutions, should be cited as Lincoln, Lyceum Address at and quotations from Karen J. OConnor, Larry J.Saba to Alexandra B. Yanks, Essentials of American Government: Roots and Reform should be cited as OConnor, Essentials of American Government at This is onto research assignment, and students must confine themselves to the required readings to date and may not consult or cite any additional sources for this essay. Grading Criteria: (1) Insight into the issues presented by the assignment; (2) Reading and (3) Style in presenting the facts and in analyzing and discussing them. Pursuant to the syllabus, this assignment will constitute Ten Percent (10%) of the final grade for the course. Warning concerning Academic Honesty: According to the Norwalk Community College Student Handbook: Academic dishonesty includes but is not emitted to Popularizing, including the submission of others ideas or papers (whether purchased, borrowed or otherwise obtained) as ones own work. Plagiarism is a very serious offense. Violations of the Colleges plagiarism policy are likely to result in an O on this assignment, as well as disciplinary action. Please be very careful! Guiding Principle: According to Justice Louis D. Brandeis, who served on the United States Supreme Court from 1916 to 1939: There is no great writing, Only great re-writing. OVER Instructions for Essay Writing Read the assignment very carefully; In particular, read the directions and technical requirements carefully and follow them precisely An essay generally should begin with an introduction that states a good, clear thesis Organize the essay carefully, dividing the discussion into paragraphs.Consider making a detailed outline before you begin writing and revise the outline as necessary while writing the essay If the assignment has two or more parts and, therefore, poses two or more issues, be certain to address each one As a general rule, each paragraph of discussion should be confined to a horrors examination of one issue As a general rule, each paragraph of discussion should have a topic sentence, followed by one or more sentences of analysis and detaile d, factual support use the essay to demonstrate what you know: Support your argument with facts and specific examples Good writing in the social sciences begins with and focuses on facts.Avoid vague, unsupported generalizations Clarity of expression is one of the greatest virtues of good historical writing Get to the point, and stick to the point: Everything you write should be addressed to the question and the issue(s) it raised. Avoid rambling and digressions Academic writing strives for balance and objectivity. An essay generally should not be vigorously argumentative. Although the introduction should state a thesis, the approach to essay should be balanced, offering factual support for the thesis but acknowledging facts that are contrary Be cautious about offering personal opinions: Do not make statements such as l believe and In my opinion.